No US-Saudi Arabia Tax Treaty: What Saudi Residents Must Know
One of the most important tax facts for Saudi Arabia residents earning US income is this: Saudi Arabia has no comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States. This means the IRS applies its default withholding rules — typically 30% — to all US-source income paid to Saudi residents without a valid tax identification number and Form W-8BEN. Understanding this fact is essential for every Saudi freelancer, investor, Amazon seller, and entrepreneur earning dollars online.
What Is a US Tax Treaty?
A bilateral tax treaty between the US and another country typically reduces or eliminates certain withholding rates on income such as dividends, royalties, interest, and service fees. Countries like the UK, Canada, Germany, and India have treaties with the US that reduce dividend withholding to 15% or lower. Saudi Arabia does not have such a treaty.
What the Absence of a Treaty Means for Saudi Residents
- Dividends from US stocks: 30% withheld (vs. 15% for treaty countries)
- Royalties (Amazon KDP, YouTube, Udemy): Up to 30% withheld on undocumented accounts
- Freelance payments (Upwork, Fiverr): Up to 30% withheld without W-8BEN + ITIN
- REIT distributions: 30% withholding for foreign persons
- US rental income: 30% withheld by default on gross income
The Good News: Even without a tax treaty, getting an ITIN and submitting Form W-8BEN certifies your foreign status. This prevents backup withholding and ensures you are correctly identified — protecting you from additional penalties and allowing you to file for refunds on any over-withheld tax via Form 1040-NR.
🚀 Vision 2030 & US Dollar Income:Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 is driving a new generation of entrepreneurs and freelancers. Earning in USD from US platforms is a powerful way to build international wealth — but you need an ITIN to get paid without 30% US tax withholding cutting into your revenue.
How an ITIN Protects Saudi Residents Without a Treaty
While an ITIN cannot create treaty benefits that don't exist, it is still critical for Saudi residents because it:
- Allows you to submit Form W-8BEN — certifying you are a non-US person
- Prevents backup withholding (24–28%) which is applied to unidentified payees — SEPARATE from the 30% foreign withholding
- Enables you to file Form 1040-NR to claim deductions and potentially receive refunds
- Allows you to elect to treat rental income as "effectively connected" with US trade — potentially lowering your tax rate significantly
- Required to comply with Form 5472 for US LLC owners
- Enables FIRPTA withholding certificate applications when selling US property
The 30% Without ITIN vs. Actual Tax With ITIN
Many Saudi residents discover that their actual US tax liability — when properly calculated using deductions — is much lower than 30%. For example, rental income can be offset by depreciation, maintenance, and mortgage interest. Royalty income may have applicable deductions. An ITIN enables you to file returns and claim these reductions.
Conclusion: Get Your ITIN Even Without a Treaty
The absence of a US-Saudi tax treaty makes it more important, not less, to have an ITIN. It is your primary tool for managing, certifying, and reducing your US tax burden. ITIN Plus processes Saudi Arabia applications for a flat $99, 100% online, in 8–14 weeks.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Does Saudi Arabia have a tax treaty with the United States?
No. Saudi Arabia does not have a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States. This means the default IRS withholding rates apply to all US-source income paid to Saudi residents, including 30% on dividends, royalties, and other passive income. An ITIN is essential to at minimum certify your foreign status and prevent additional backup withholding.
What is the US withholding rate for Saudi Arabia residents?
Without a tax treaty, the standard US withholding rate for Saudi residents on passive income (dividends, royalties, rents) is 30%. This is the default rate the IRS applies to foreign persons from non-treaty countries. An ITIN and Form W-8BEN certify your foreign status and prevent backup withholding on top of this rate.
Does having an ITIN reduce withholding for Saudi residents?
An ITIN cannot create treaty benefits that Saudi Arabia doesn't have, but it is essential for submitting Form W-8BEN (certifying foreign status), preventing backup withholding (an additional 24% for unidentified payees), filing Form 1040-NR to claim deductions and refunds, and complying with IRS reporting requirements including Form 5472.
Can Saudi residents claim a refund on over-withheld US taxes?
Yes. Saudi residents can file Form 1040-NR (US Non-Resident Income Tax Return) to report actual income and deductions and claim a refund if more tax was withheld than owed. For example, rental property income can be offset by depreciation and expenses. You need an ITIN to file this return. ITIN Plus charges $99 for the ITIN application.
What is backup withholding and how is it different from the 30% rate?
Backup withholding (currently 24%) is applied to payees who have not provided a valid tax identification number to the payer. It is separate from the 30% foreign person withholding rate. A Saudi resident without an ITIN may face BOTH — meaning up to 54% of their US income could be withheld. Getting an ITIN eliminates the backup withholding risk.
How can Saudi residents with US income best protect themselves?
Saudi residents should: (1) Get an ITIN from ITIN Plus for $99, (2) Submit Form W-8BEN to every US payer, (3) File Form 1040-NR annually to report income and claim available deductions, and (4) If owning a US LLC, file Form 5472 each year to avoid the $25,000 automatic penalty.